AFOQT practice test, reasoning under each option

The particle in the atomic nucleus that has no electric charge is the

1. photon
   A photon is a particle of light, not a building block of the nucleus.
2. electron
   Electrons carry a negative charge and move around the nucleus rather than sitting inside it.
3. neutron
   The nucleus holds protons and neutrons, and the neutron is the one with no electric charge.
4. proton
   Protons are in the nucleus but carry a positive charge.
5. positron
   A positron is the positively charged antimatter twin of the electron, not a part of ordinary nuclei.

ID 1821313 · Report a problem

Compared with a solution of pH 6, a solution of pH 4 has a hydrogen-ion concentration that is

1. 100 times greater
   Each step of one pH unit is a tenfold change in hydrogen-ion concentration, and pH 4 is two steps more acidic than pH 6: 10 × 10 = 100 times greater.
2. 10 times greater
   10 times greater counts only one step of tenfold change, but pH 6 and pH 4 are two units apart.
3. 2 times greater
   2 times greater treats the pH scale as a straight scale and uses the difference of 2 directly.
4. 20 times greater
   20 times greater multiplies the two-unit difference by 10 instead of raising 10 to the power 2.
5. 100 times smaller
   100 times smaller has the right size but the wrong direction: a lower pH means more hydrogen ions, not fewer.

ID 1821315 · Report a problem

A car covers 150 m in 6 s at constant speed. What is its speed?

1. 900 m/s
   900 m/s multiplies distance by time; speed is distance per unit of time.
2. 0.04 m/s
   0.04 m/s divides the time by the distance (6 ÷ 150), the division turned upside down.
3. 25 m/s
   Speed is distance divided by time: 150 m ÷ 6 s = 25 m/s.
4. 156 m/s
   156 m/s adds the distance and the time, which has no physical meaning.
5. 144 m/s
   144 m/s subtracts 6 from 150, which mixes meters with seconds.

ID 1897761 · Report a problem

Near Earth's surface, the acceleration of a freely falling object is about

1. 9.8 m/s
   9.8 m/s has the right number but the unit of speed; acceleration is change in speed per second, m/s².
2. 1.6 m/s²
   1.6 m/s² is the free-fall acceleration on the Moon, about one-sixth of Earth's.
3. 98 m/s²
   98 m/s² is ten times the real value, a decimal place slipped.
4. 9.8 m/s²
   Near Earth's surface every freely falling object gains about 9.8 m/s of speed each second, so g ≈ 9.8 m/s².
5. 32 m/s²
   32 is Earth's value in feet (32 ft/s²); with meters it would be more than three times too large.

ID 1897764 · Report a problem

At sea level, pure water boils at

1. 100 °F
   100 is the boiling point on the Celsius scale; with a Fahrenheit label it is only a hot summer day.
2. 32 °F
   32 °F is where water freezes, the other fixed point of the Fahrenheit scale.
3. 273 °F
   273 is the kelvin value of water's freezing point, a number from a different scale.
4. 212 °F
   At sea-level pressure pure water boils at 100 °C, which is 212 °F on the Fahrenheit scale.
5. 180 °F
   180 is the number of Fahrenheit degrees between freezing (32 °F) and boiling, not the boiling temperature itself.

ID 2009821 · Report a problem

If the pressure on a sealed gas is doubled while its temperature stays constant, its volume

1. is halved
   At constant temperature, pressure × volume stays the same (Boyle's law), so when the pressure doubles the volume is halved.
2. doubles
   Doubling the volume would come from halving the pressure; this choice reverses the inverse relation.
3. quadruples
   Quadruples both reverses the direction and squares the factor; more pressure squeezes a gas smaller.
4. stays the same
   A gas is compressible, so higher pressure at the same temperature always shrinks its volume.
5. drops to one-fourth
   One-fourth would need four times the pressure; the volume falls only in step with the pressure, not with its square.

ID 2009960 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = −4, Y = 0.

1. 61
   61 sits at X = +4 in the same row: the X value was read with the wrong sign.
2. 46
   The column under X = −4 and the row beside Y = 0 meet at 46, the value asked for.
3. 49
   49 is one row and one column off, at X = −3, Y = −1, a diagonal neighbor of the right block.
4. 59
   59 comes from reading the coordinates the wrong way round, X = 0, Y = −4, with X and Y traded.
5. 47
   47 is the neighbor to the right (X = −3); the eye drifted one column along the row.

ID 1858886 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = −3, Y = +2.

1. 59
   59 sits at Y = −2 in the same column: the Y value was read with the wrong sign.
2. 52
   52 is one row off, at Y = +3 in the same column, a slip of one line up or down.
3. 54
   54 sits in the row for Y = +1, directly below the right block in the same column.
4. 69
   69 comes from reading the coordinates the wrong way round, X = +2, Y = −3, with X and Y traded.
5. 53
   Find X = −3 in the top row and Y = +2 in the left column; the block where they cross holds 53.

ID 1858894 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = +2, Y = −1.

1. 47
   47 is in the correct row but in the column for X = −2, the mirror of the right column across zero.
2. 48
   48 sits at Y = +1 in the same column: the Y value was read with the wrong sign.
3. 51
   51 is the neighbor to the left (X = +1); the eye drifted one column along the row.
4. 43
   43 is the block at X = −1, Y = +2: the two numbers were swapped, X looked up down the side and Y across the top.
5. 52
   The column under X = +2 and the row beside Y = −1 meet at 52, the value asked for.

ID 1858898 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = −4, Y = +2.

1. 27
   27 sits in the row for Y = +3, directly above the right block in the same column.
2. 28
   Go across the top to X = −4, then down the left side to Y = +2; that column and row meet at 28.
3. 44
   44 is the block at X = +2, Y = −4: the two numbers were swapped, X looked up down the side and Y across the top.
4. 29
   29 is one column off, at X = −3 in the same row, a slip of one block sideways.
5. 33
   33 is in the correct column but in the row for Y = −2, the mirror of the right row across zero.

ID 1858899 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = +3, Y = +1.

1. 60
   Find X = +3 in the top row and Y = +1 in the left column; the block where they cross holds 60.
2. 54
   54 is the block at X = +1, Y = +3: the two numbers were swapped, X looked up down the side and Y across the top.
3. 57
   57 is one row and one column off, at X = +2, Y = +2, a diagonal neighbor of the right block.
4. 51
   51 sits at X = −3 in the same row: the X value was read with the wrong sign.
5. 58
   58 is the neighbor to the left (X = +2); the eye drifted one column along the row.

ID 1858903 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = −4, Y = −2.

1. 56
   56 comes from reading the coordinates the wrong way round, X = −2, Y = −4, with X and Y traded.
2. 50
   Go across the top to X = −4, then down the left side to Y = −2; that column and row meet at 50.
3. 51
   51 is the neighbor to the right (X = −3); the eye drifted one column along the row.
4. 54
   54 is at X = +4, Y = +2: both signs were flipped.
5. 43
   43 sits at Y = +2 in the same column: the Y value was read with the wrong sign.

ID 1858908 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = −1, Y = −1.

1. 38
   38 is one row and one column off, at X = 0, Y = −2, a diagonal neighbor of the right block.
2. 39
   39 sits at X = +1 in the same row: the X value was read with the wrong sign.
3. 37
   37 is the neighbor to the right (X = 0); the eye drifted one column along the row.
4. 35
   The column under X = −1 and the row beside Y = −1 meet at 35, the value asked for.
5. 36
   36 sits in the row for Y = −2, directly below the right block in the same column.

ID 1858910 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = 0, Y = +1.

1. 20
   20 is one row and one column off, at X = −1, Y = +2, a diagonal neighbor of the right block.
2. 26
   26 is the block at X = +1, Y = 0: the two numbers were swapped, X looked up down the side and Y across the top.
3. 22
   22 sits in the row for Y = +2, directly above the right block in the same column.
4. 23
   Find X = 0 in the top row and Y = +1 in the left column; the block where they cross holds 23.
5. 24
   24 is one row off, at Y = 0 in the same column, a slip of one line up or down.

ID 1858915 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = +2, Y = −3.

1. 51
   51 is in the correct row but in the column for X = −2, the mirror of the right column across zero.
2. 43
   43 comes from reading the coordinates the wrong way round, X = −3, Y = +2, with X and Y traded.
3. 55
   55 is one column off, at X = +1 in the same row, a slip of one block sideways.
4. 47
   47 sits at Y = +3 in the same column: the Y value was read with the wrong sign.
5. 57
   The column under X = +2 and the row beside Y = −3 meet at 57, the value asked for.

ID 1858916 · Report a problem

In the table below, X values run across the top and Y values run down the left side. Find the value at X = +4, Y = +1.

1. 51
   51 is one row off, at Y = +2 in the same column, a slip of one line up or down.
2. 53
   Find X = +4 in the top row and Y = +1 in the left column; the block where they cross holds 53.
3. 44
   44 is the block at X = +1, Y = +4: the two numbers were swapped, X looked up down the side and Y across the top.
4. 52
   52 is the neighbor to the left (X = +3); the eye drifted one column along the row.
5. 43
   43 is in the correct row but in the column for X = −4, the mirror of the right column across zero.

ID 1858918 · Report a problem

Rare is to common as ancient is to

1. modern.
   Rare and common are opposites, and the opposite of ancient (from long ago) is modern (of the present day).
2. future.
   Future points to time that has not come yet; the opposite of ancient is what belongs to the present, not to what is still ahead.
3. historic.
   Historic describes something important in the past, which sits on the same side as ancient instead of across from it.
4. antique.
   Antique also means very old, so it is a synonym of ancient where an opposite is needed.
5. old.
   Old is a milder word for ancient, the synonym trap for an antonym pair.

ID 1897718 · Report a problem

Cautious is to wary as

1. shy is to silent.
   A shy person may be silent, but silent is a possible result of shyness, not a synonym for it.
2. bold is to timid.
   Bold and timid are opposites, so this pair flips the synonym relation of cautious and wary.
3. bold is to daring.
   Cautious and wary mean nearly the same thing, and so do bold and daring: two synonyms in a row.
4. brave is to reckless.
   Reckless is bravery carried too far, a step up in degree, not a word with the same meaning as brave.
5. careful is to careless.
   Careful and careless are opposites; the word careful echoes cautious, which is what makes this pair tempting.

ID 1897719 · Report a problem

Judge is to courtroom as pilot is to

1. hangar.
   A hangar is where the aircraft is stored and serviced, the airplane's place rather than the place the pilot works from.
2. cockpit.
   A judge works in a courtroom, and a pilot works in the cockpit: each person matched with the place where the job is done.
3. passenger.
   A passenger is another person on the flight, not a place, so the pair would break the person-to-place pattern.
4. control tower.
   The control tower is where air traffic controllers work, so it belongs to a different worker.
5. runway.
   The runway is where the airplane takes off and lands; the pilot does the flying from the cockpit, not from the runway.

ID 1897721 · Report a problem

Author is to write as sculptor is to

1. paint.
   Paint is an action, but it belongs to a painter; the analogy needs the sculptor's own action.
2. marble.
   Marble is the material a sculptor works in, so the pair would switch from an action to a material.
3. studio.
   A studio is the place where a sculptor works, not what a sculptor does.
4. statue.
   A statue is the finished product of a sculptor, which matches "book," not "write."
5. carve.
   An author's typical action is to write, and a sculptor's typical action is to carve.

ID 1897744 · Report a problem

Exact is to precise as ample is to

1. plentiful.
   Exact and precise are synonyms, and ample means more than enough, which is what plentiful means.
2. moderate.
   Moderate means a middling amount, while ample means a generous one; the two describe different sizes.
3. scarce.
   Scarce is the opposite of ample, so it turns a synonym pair into an antonym pair.
4. excessive.
   Excessive means too much, a step past ample; the pair would add a degree change that exact and precise do not have.
5. sample.
   Sample only looks and sounds like ample; it is a small portion, not a word for "a lot."

ID 1897747 · Report a problem

Diverge is to converge as dissent is to

1. protest.
   To protest is to object, a near-synonym of dissent where the opposite is needed.
2. debate.
   A debate is a discussion of opposing views, which keeps the disagreement instead of reversing it.
3. converse.
   Converse echoes the sound of converge, but it means to talk, not to agree.
4. concur.
   To diverge is to move apart and to converge is to come together; to dissent is to disagree, and its opposite is to concur.
5. persuade.
   To persuade is to win someone over, an action on another person, not the opposite of disagreeing.

ID 1897772 · Report a problem

Seed is to plant as egg is to

1. yolk.
   The yolk is an inner part of the egg, so the pair would be part-to-whole, not start-to-result.
2. nest.
   A nest is where an egg is kept, a place rather than what the egg becomes.
3. chick.
   A seed grows into a plant, and an egg hatches into a chick: each starting form paired with what develops from it.
4. hen.
   A hen lays the egg, so it is where the egg comes from, the reverse direction; an egg can also hatch into a rooster.
5. shell.
   The shell is the outer part of the egg itself, a part-to-whole link instead of growth.

ID 1897773 · Report a problem

Ephemeral is to fleeting as obfuscate is to

1. delay.
   Delay is about time, not clarity; it may come with confusion but is not its meaning.
2. obstruct.
   Obstruct shares the "ob-" opening with obfuscate, but it means to block a path, not to make a message unclear.
3. confuse.
   Ephemeral and fleeting are synonyms, and to obfuscate is to make something unclear, which is to confuse.
4. fabricate.
   To fabricate is to make something up; a lie can confuse, but inventing is not the same act as obscuring.
5. clarify.
   Clarify is the opposite of obfuscate, so this choice reverses the synonym relation.

ID 1940622 · Report a problem

Trivial is to significant as

1. huge is to vast.
   Huge and vast are synonyms for size, so the pair keeps the meaning instead of reversing it.
2. minor is to child.
   Minor can mean a person under legal age, which is the link to child; that is a different sense of the word, not an opposite.
3. petty is to trivial.
   Petty and trivial both mean unimportant, a synonym pair.
4. small is to tiny.
   Small and tiny differ only in degree, both pointing the same way, so they are not opposites.
5. minor is to major.
   Trivial and significant are opposites in importance, and minor and major are opposites in the same sense.

ID 1940625 · Report a problem

A rectangular floor 12 ft by 10 ft has a square rug 6 ft on a side. How many square feet of floor are uncovered?

1. 120
   120 is the area of the whole floor; the rug's 36 square feet still have to be subtracted.
2. 96
   96 subtracts the rug's perimeter (24) instead of its area (36).
3. 108
   108 subtracts 6 × 2 = 12 instead of the rug's area 6 × 6 = 36.
4. 114
   114 subtracts only 6, the rug's side length, instead of its area.
5. 84
   The floor is 12 × 10 = 120 square feet and the rug 6 × 6 = 36, so 120 − 36 = 84 square feet are uncovered.

ID 1821341 · Report a problem

An airman's first four fitness test scores average 82. What score on the fifth test would raise the average of all five to 84?

1. 92
   Five scores averaging 84 total 5 × 84 = 420; the first four total 4 × 82 = 328, so the fifth must be 420 − 328 = 92.
2. 84
   84 is the target average; a fifth score of 84 leaves the average below 84.
3. 88
   88 adds 4, the number of earlier tests, instead of 4 × 2 = 8 missing points.
4. 90
   90 mixes up the counts, 4 × 84 − 3 × 82; the target covers five tests and the start covers four.
5. 86
   86 averages only two numbers, (82 + x) ÷ 2 = 84, as if the first four scores counted once.

ID 1821355 · Report a problem

A convoy leaves the base at 7:15 a.m. and drives 234 miles at an average of 52 miles per hour. At what time does it arrive?

1. 11:45 a.m.
   The drive takes 234 ÷ 52 = 4.5 hours, 4 hours 30 minutes, and 7:15 + 4:30 = 11:45 a.m.
2. 12:15 p.m.
   12:15 p.m. rounds the 4.5-hour drive up to 5 hours.
3. 11:15 a.m.
   11:15 a.m. adds only 4 hours and drops the half hour of the 4.5.
4. 11:30 a.m.
   11:30 a.m. adds 4 hours 30 minutes to 7:00 and loses the 15 minutes past the hour.
5. 12:05 p.m.
   12:05 p.m. reads 4.5 hours as 4 hours 50 minutes; 0.5 hour is 30 minutes.

ID 1821396 · Report a problem

The trajectory of an experimental projectile follows a parabolic path. The highest point (vertex) of the path is at (3, 10). If the projectile also passes through the point (5, −2), which equation represents its flight path?

1. y = −(x − 3)² + 10
   y = −(x − 3)² + 10 assumes a = −1 without using (5, −2); at x = 5 it gives 6, not −2.
2. y = −3(x + 3)² + 10
   y = −3(x + 3)² + 10 has the sign of h wrong; that parabola's vertex is at (−3, 10).
3. y = −1/3(x − 3)² + 10
   y = −1/3(x − 3)² + 10 solves 4a = −12 upside down, as a = 4/(−12).
4. y = −3(x − 3)² + 10
   Vertex form gives y = a(x − 3)² + 10; the point (5, −2) gives −2 = 4a + 10, so a = −3 and y = −3(x − 3)² + 10.
5. y = −6(x − 3)² + 10
   y = −6(x − 3)² + 10 forgets to square (5 − 3) and solves −12 = 2a.

ID 1858831 · Report a problem

A cadet jogs around a rectangular field 400 meters long and 250 meters wide 3 times. How many kilometers does the cadet jog?

1. 1.95 kilometers
   1.95 km counts one length and one width per lap (650 m × 3); a lap goes around all four sides.
2. 3.9 kilometers
   One lap is 2 × (400 + 250) = 1,300 m, three laps are 3,900 m, and 3,900 ÷ 1,000 = 3.9 km.
3. 0.39 kilometers
   0.39 km divides 3,900 m by 10,000; a kilometer is 1,000 meters.
4. 1.3 kilometers
   1.3 km is a single lap; the cadet runs three.
5. 1.2 kilometers
   1.2 km counts only the 400-meter length once per lap (3 × 400 m).

ID 1858876 · Report a problem

√80 in simplest radical form is

1. 4√20
   4√20 takes √16 out but leaves 80 ÷ 4 = 20 inside; once 16 comes out, only 5 remains under the root.
2. 4√5
   The largest perfect square in 80 is 16, so √80 = √16 × √5 = 4√5.
3. 16√5
   16√5 brings 16 out without taking its square root.
4. 8√5
   8√5 halves 16 instead of taking its square root; √16 = 4.
5. 5√4
   5√4 swaps the factors, putting the 5 outside and the perfect square inside.

ID 1858795 · Report a problem

(2x³)⁴ =

1. 2x¹²
   2x¹² raises x³ to the 4th power but leaves the coefficient 2 unchanged; 2⁴ = 16.
2. 16x⁸¹
   16x⁸¹ raises the exponent 3 to the 4th power (3⁴ = 81) instead of multiplying 3 × 4.
3. 16x¹²
   Raise each factor to the 4th power: 2⁴ = 16 and (x³)⁴ = x¹² (exponents multiply), so 16x¹².
4. 16x⁷
   16x⁷ adds the exponents 3 + 4; a power of a power multiplies them.
5. 8x¹²
   8x¹² multiplies the coefficient by 4 instead of raising it to the 4th power.

ID 1897872 · Report a problem

Compute: 2½ ÷ 1¼ =

1. 3⅛
   3⅛ = 25/8 multiplies 5/2 × 5/4 instead of multiplying by the reciprocal.
2. ½
   ½ is the reciprocal of the answer, 1¼ ÷ 2½; the order of division is reversed.
3. 4
   4 divides the whole parts (2 ÷ 1) and the fraction parts (½ ÷ ¼) separately and adds the results.
4. 2
   As improper fractions, 5/2 ÷ 5/4 = 5/2 × 4/5 = 2.
5. 1¼
   1¼ is the difference 2½ − 1¼, not the quotient.

ID 1897905 · Report a problem

(a⁷ ÷ a³) · a² =

1. a⁸
   a⁸ multiplies (7 − 3) × 2 instead of adding 2.
2. a⁴²
   a⁴² multiplies all the exponents, 7 × 3 × 2.
3. a¹²
   a¹² adds all three exponents, 7 + 3 + 2, ignoring the division.
4. a⁶
   Dividing subtracts exponents and multiplying adds them: (7 − 3) + 2 = 6, so a⁶.
5. a²
   a² subtracts both exponents, 7 − 3 − 2, as if a² were also in the denominator.

ID 1897906 · Report a problem

In triangle ABC, angle A = 48° and angle B is twice angle A. What is angle C?

1. 36°
   Angle B = 2 × 48° = 96°, and the angles of a triangle sum to 180°, so C = 180° − 48° − 96° = 36°.
2. 216°
   216° uses 360° (the angle sum of a quadrilateral) instead of 180°.
3. 84°
   84° subtracts only angle B from 180°; angle A has to come off too.
4. 132°
   132° subtracts only angle A from 180°.
5. 96°
   96° is angle B, not angle C.

ID 1941446 · Report a problem

What is the length of the longest diagonal of a 3 by 4 by 12 box?

1. 13
   The space diagonal is √(3² + 4² + 12²) = √(9 + 16 + 144) = √169 = 13.
2. 169
   169 is the sum of the squares; the square root is missing.
3. 17
   17 adds the face diagonal 5 and the edge 12 instead of combining them with the Pythagorean theorem.
4. 5
   5 is the diagonal of the 3 by 4 face only; the 12-unit edge is left out.
5. 19
   19 adds the three edges, 3 + 4 + 12.

ID 1941557 · Report a problem

A rhombus has diagonals of 10 and 24. What is its area?

1. 240
   240 multiplies the diagonals but forgets the ½.
2. 120
   The area of a rhombus is half the product of its diagonals: ½ × 10 × 24 = 120.
3. 34
   34 adds the diagonals instead of multiplying them.
4. 60
   60 halves the product twice; only one factor of ½ belongs in the formula.
5. 52
   52 is the perimeter: each side is √(5² + 12²) = 13 and 4 × 13 = 52.

ID 2009832 · Report a problem

If angles A and B are complementary, which of the following is equal to sin(A)?

1. tan(B)
   tan(B) equals cot(A), the cofunction of tangent, not sin(A).
2. cos(A)
   cos(A) equals sin(A) only when A = 45°; it is not true for every pair of complementary angles.
3. sin(B)
   sin(B) equals cos(A), the cofunction pairing the other way round.
4. cos(90° − B)
   cos(90° − B) equals sin(B), which is cos(A), not sin(A).
5. cos(B)
   Complementary means A + B = 90°, so sin(A) = cos(90° − A) = cos(B).

ID 2055508 · Report a problem

Three tires cost $85 each. Mounting costs $12 per tire, and there is a single $20 disposal fee. What is the total cost?

1. $287
   $287 charges the $12 mounting only once instead of for each tire.
2. $255
   $255 = 3 × $85 is the tires alone, without mounting or the fee.
3. $311
   Each tire with mounting is $85 + $12 = $97, three are $291, and the single $20 fee makes $311.
4. $291
   $291 leaves out the $20 disposal fee.
5. $117
   $117 prices one mounted tire plus the fee ($97 + $20); there are three tires.

ID 1897826 · Report a problem

A triangular sail has a base of 12 feet and a height of 18 feet. Sailcloth costs $4 per square foot. What does the cloth for the sail cost?

1. $108
   $108 is the area in square feet; it still has to be multiplied by $4 per square foot.
2. $216
   $216 is 12 × 18 square feet with neither the ½ nor the $4 applied.
3. $432
   The sail's area is ½ × 12 × 18 = 108 square feet, and 108 × $4 = $432.
4. $864
   $864 prices a 12 by 18 rectangle; the ½ for a triangle is missing.
5. $120
   $120 multiplies the sum of the two lengths (12 + 18 = 30) by $4; cost depends on the area.

ID 1940740 · Report a problem

A 20-foot by 30-foot concrete pad is enlarged by making each side 10% longer. By what percent does its area increase?

1. 121%
   121% is the new area as a percent of the old one, not the increase.
2. 1%
   1% multiplies the percents (10% × 10%); it is the extra piece only, not the whole increase.
3. 10%
   10% assumes the area grows by the same percent as one side.
4. 20%
   20% adds the two 10% increases and misses the extra 10% of 10%.
5. 21%
   Each side is multiplied by 1.1, so the area is multiplied by 1.1 × 1.1 = 1.21 (22 × 33 = 726 versus 600), a 21% increase.

ID 1940744 · Report a problem

RESTIVE most nearly means

1. rested
   Rested means refreshed after sleep; the shared "rest" is the trap, not the meaning.
2. restful
   Restful (calm, soothing) is built on the same "rest" and means nearly the opposite.
3. sullen
   Sullen means gloomy and resentfully silent; a restive person is visibly impatient, not sulking.
4. sluggish
   Sluggish (slow, lacking energy) is close to an antonym of restive.
5. restless
   Restive describes someone fidgety and impatient under restraint — restless, like a restive crowd kept waiting too long.

ID 1821306 · Report a problem

ZEALOUS most nearly means

1. diligent
   Diligent means steady and careful in work; zeal is burning enthusiasm, which a diligent worker may not feel.
2. sincere
   Sincere means genuine, not pretended; it carries no sense of intensity.
3. curious
   Curious means eager to know; zeal is eagerness for a cause, not for information.
4. fervent
   Zealous means full of eager, intense devotion to a cause — fervent.
5. jealous
   Jealous is the look-alike (the two words share a Greek root) but means resentful of a rival.

ID 1821307 · Report a problem

NONPLUSSED most nearly means

1. elated
   Elated means overjoyed; a nonplussed person is at a loss, not delighted.
2. exhausted
   Exhausted means worn out; nothing in nonplussed refers to energy.
3. baffled
   Nonplussed means so puzzled that you do not know what to say or do — baffled.
4. amused
   Amused means entertained; a nonplussed listener is at a loss, not enjoying the moment.
5. annoyed
   Annoyed (irritated) names a different reaction; nonplussed is about bewilderment.

ID 1821318 · Report a problem

CURTAIL most nearly means

1. shorten
   To curtail is to cut something short or reduce it, as bad weather can curtail a training exercise.
2. conceal
   Conceal (to hide) may be suggested by the look of "curtain"; curtail means cutting back, not hiding.
3. extend
   Extend is the antonym of curtail.
4. delay
   Delay moves something later without making it any shorter.
5. cancel
   Cancel goes too far: a curtailed event still happens, only shorter or smaller.

ID 1821319 · Report a problem

PREVARICATE most nearly means

1. procrastinate
   Procrastinate (to put off doing something) is the classic confusion; prevaricating is evasive talk, not delay.
2. exaggerate
   Exaggerate means to overstate; prevarication avoids the truth rather than inflating it.
3. equivocate
   To prevaricate is to dodge the truth with evasive or misleading words — to equivocate.
4. interrupt
   Interrupt means to break in while someone else is speaking; a prevaricator does the talking and avoids a straight answer.
5. predict
   Predict (to foretell) shares only the "pre-" prefix.

ID 1821320 · Report a problem

SQUANDER most nearly means

1. lend
   Lending gives something for a time and expects it back, the opposite of using it up carelessly.
2. waste
   To squander is to spend money, time, or chances carelessly — to waste them, as in squandering a lead.
3. hoard
   Hoard is the opposite habit: storing up instead of using up.
4. wander
   Wander (to roam aimlessly) only rhymes with the second half of squander.
5. gamble
   Gambling risks money and can end in squandering it, but the word means betting, not wasting.

ID 1858723 · Report a problem

DISSEMBLE most nearly means

1. pretend
   To dissemble is to hide your real feelings or intentions behind a false front — to pretend.
2. hesitate
   Hesitate means to pause from doubt; someone who dissembles acts smoothly in order to mislead.
3. disassemble
   Disassemble means to take apart; the near-identical spelling is the trap.
4. resemble
   Resemble (to look like) is another look-alike; dissembling is about deceiving, not similarity.
5. disperse
   Disperse means to scatter; it shares only the "dis-" prefix.

ID 1858722 · Report a problem

TENACIOUS most nearly means

1. tenable
   Tenable (able to be defended, as a tenable argument) shares the Latin root for "hold" but describes a position, not a person's determination.
2. persistent
   Tenacious means holding on firmly and refusing to give up — persistent.
3. patient
   Patience is calm waiting; tenacity is active refusal to let go.
4. tentative
   Tentative (hesitant, not final) is nearly the opposite of tenacious.
5. courageous
   Courage is facing danger without fear; a tenacious person is stubbornly determined, which is a different quality.

ID 1821324 · Report a problem

In long, level flight at a constant indicated airspeed, the airplane burns a lot of fuel. To keep the same altitude and airspeed, the pilot must —

1. Increase the angle of attack
   More angle of attack would add lift the lighter airplane does not need, and it would climb.
2. Raise the nose slightly
   Raising the nose increases the angle of attack, the same mistake.
3. Lower a small flap setting
   Flaps add lift and drag; level flight at a lighter weight needs less lift.
4. Decrease the angle of attack
   A lighter airplane needs less lift, so at the same airspeed the pilot lowers the angle of attack (and reduces power).
5. Add engine thrust
   Less weight means less induced drag, so the airplane needs less power, not more.

ID 1897693 · Report a problem

A one-piece horizontal tail surface that pivots as a unit to control pitch is a —

1. flaperon
   Flaperons combine flap and aileron functions on the wing.
2. ruddervator
   Ruddervators are V-tail surfaces that act as both rudder and elevator.
3. canard
   A canard is a horizontal surface ahead of the wing, not the tail.
4. elevon
   Elevons are combined elevator-aileron surfaces on tailless or delta wings.
5. stabilator
   A stabilator is a one-piece horizontal tail that pivots as a unit, combining stabilizer and elevator.

ID 1940700 · Report a problem

Wingtip vortices are strongest when the airplane generating them is —

1. heavy, dirty, and fast
   Flaps out ("dirty") spread the lift and weaken the vortices.
2. heavy, clean, and fast
   At high speed the angle of attack is lower and the vortices weaker.
3. heavy, clean, and slow
   Vortices are strongest when the wing makes much lift at a high angle of attack: heavy weight, low speed, flaps up.
4. light, clean, and fast
   A light, fast airplane makes the weakest vortices.
5. light, dirty, and slow
   Low weight alone makes the vortices weaker.

ID 1940702 · Report a problem

Which instrument uses both the pitot tube and the static port?

1. airspeed indicator
   The airspeed indicator compares pitot (ram) pressure with static pressure.
2. vertical speed indicator
   The VSI uses static pressure only, through a calibrated leak.
3. attitude indicator
   The attitude indicator is a gyro instrument.
4. altimeter
   The altimeter uses static pressure only.
5. heading indicator
   The heading indicator is also a gyro instrument.

ID 1940719 · Report a problem

The point on the chord through which the resultant lift force acts is the —

1. center of gravity
   The CG is where the airplane's weight acts, not lift.
2. center of pressure
   The center of pressure is the point on the chord where the total aerodynamic force acts.
3. reference datum
   The datum is an arbitrary line used for weight and balance measurements.
4. leading edge
   Lift acts behind the leading edge, usually around a quarter of the chord.
5. mean aerodynamic chord
   The MAC is an average chord length used as a reference, not a point of force.

ID 1940727 · Report a problem

The lower limit of the green arc on the airspeed indicator is —

1. VFE
   VFE is the top of the white arc, the maximum flap-extended speed.
2. VS0
   VS0, the stall speed in landing configuration, is the bottom of the white arc.
3. VY
   VY, best rate of climb, is not marked by an arc.
4. VS1
   The green arc (normal operating range) starts at VS1, the clean stall speed.
5. VNO
   VNO is the top of the green arc, where the yellow caution range starts.

ID 1941582 · Report a problem